In OCaml before 4.14.3 and 5.x before 5.4.1, a buffer over-read in Marshal deserialization (runtime/intern.c) enables remote code execution through a multi-phase attack chain. The vulnerability stems from missing bounds validation in the readblock() function, which performs unbounded memcpy() operations using attacker-controlled lengths from crafted Marshal data.
In OpenClaw before 2026.2.23, tools.exec.safeBins validation for sort could be bypassed via GNU long-option abbreviations (such as --compress-prog) in allowlist mode, leading to approval-free execution paths that were intended to require approval. Only an exact string such as --compress-program was denied.
A vulnerability was determined in berry-lang berry up to 1.1.0. The affected element is the function scan_string of the file src/be_lexer.c. This manipulation causes out-of-bounds read. The attack requires local access. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. Patch name: 7149c59a39ba44feca261b12f06089f265fec176. Applying a patch is the recommended action to fix this issue.
A vulnerability was found in libvips 8.19.0. Impacted is the function vips_extract_area_build of the file libvips/conversion/extract.c. The manipulation of the argument extract_area results in integer overflow. The attack requires a local approach. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The patch is identified as 24795bb3d19d84f7b6f5ed86451ad556c8f2fe70. It is advisable to implement a patch to correct this issue.
A vulnerability has been found in libvips 8.19.0. This issue affects the function vips_extract_band_build of the file libvips/conversion/extract.c. The manipulation of the argument extract_band leads to out-of-bounds read. The attack needs to be performed locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier of the patch is 24795bb3d19d84f7b6f5ed86451ad556c8f2fe70. To fix this issue, it is recommended to deploy a patch.
A flaw has been found in libvips 8.19.0. This vulnerability affects the function vips_unpremultiply_build of the file libvips/conversion/unpremultiply.c. Executing a manipulation of the argument alpha_band can lead to out-of-bounds read. The attack needs to be launched locally. The exploit has been published and may be used. This patch is called 7215ead1e0cd7d3703cc4f5fca06d7d0f4c22b91. A patch should be applied to remediate this issue.
A vulnerability was detected in libvips 8.19.0. This affects the function vips_bandrank_build of the file libvips/conversion/bandrank.c. Performing a manipulation of the argument index results in heap-based buffer overflow. The attack must be initiated from a local position. The exploit is now public and may be used. The patch is named fd28c5463697712cb0ab116a2c55e4f4d92c4088. It is suggested to install a patch to address this issue.
A weakness has been identified in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3. This affects the function fromAddressNat of the file /goform/addressNat of the component httpd. Executing a manipulation of the argument entrys can lead to buffer overflow. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks.
A security flaw has been discovered in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3. Affected by this issue is the function frmL7ProtForm of the file /goform/L7Prot of the component httpd. Performing a manipulation of the argument page results in buffer overflow. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks.
An OS command injection vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1
and prior, enabling an authenticated attacker to achieve remote code
execution on the system by modifying malicious input injected into the
MBird SMS service URL and/or code via the utility route which is later
processed during system setup, leading to remote code execution.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
injecting malicious input into the server username and/or password
fields of the restore action in the API V1 route.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
injecting malicious input into the Wi-Fi SSID and/or password fields
can lead to remote code execution when the configuration is processed.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
injecting malicious input into parameters of the Modbus command tool in
the debug route.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
configuring a maliciously crafted LCD state which is later processed
during system setup, enabling remote code execution.
Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor vulnerability in EFM-Networks, Inc. IpTIME T5008, EFM-Networks, Inc. IpTIME AX2004M, EFM-Networks, Inc. IpTIME AX3000Q, EFM-Networks, Inc. IpTIME AX6000M allows Authentication Bypass.This issue affects ipTIME T5008: through 15.26.8; ipTIME AX2004M: through 15.26.8; ipTIME AX3000Q: through 15.26.8; ipTIME AX6000M: through 15.26.8.
Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in SimTech Systems, Inc. ThinkWise allows Remote Code Inclusion.This issue affects ThinkWise: from 7 through 23.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
supplying a crafted template file to the devices route.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
sending malicious input injected into the server username field of the
import preconfiguration action in the API V1 route.
An arbitrary file-read vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1
and prior, enabling unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files on
the system, and potentially causing a denial-of-service attack.
A stack based buffer overflow exists in an API route of XWEB Pro version
1.12.1 and prior, enabling unauthenticated attackers to cause stack
corruption and a termination of the program.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
providing malicious input via the device hostname configuration which
is later processed during system setup, resulting in remote code
execution.
A vulnerability was identified in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3. Affected by this vulnerability is the function formWrlsafeset of the file /goform/AdvSetWrlsafeset of the component httpd. Such manipulation of the argument mit_ssid_index leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be executed remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used.
The WebSocket backend uses charging station identifiers to uniquely
associate sessions but allows multiple endpoints to connect using the
same session identifier. This implementation results in predictable
session identifiers and enables session hijacking or shadowing, where
the most recent connection displaces the legitimate charging station and
receives backend commands intended for that station. This vulnerability
may allow unauthorized users to authenticate as other users or enable a
malicious actor to cause a denial-of-service condition by overwhelming
the backend with valid session requests.
WebSocket endpoints lack proper authentication mechanisms, enabling
attackers to perform unauthorized station impersonation and manipulate
data sent to the backend. An unauthenticated attacker can connect to the
OCPP WebSocket endpoint using a known or discovered charging station
identifier, then issue or receive OCPP commands as a legitimate charger.
Given that no authentication is required, this can lead to privilege
escalation, unauthorized control of charging infrastructure, and
corruption of charging network data reported to the backend.
The WebSocket Application Programming Interface lacks restrictions on
the number of authentication requests. This absence of rate limiting may
allow an attacker to conduct denial-of-service attacks by suppressing
or mis-routing legitimate charger telemetry, or conduct brute-force
attacks to gain unauthorized access.
The WebSocket backend uses charging station identifiers to uniquely
associate sessions but allows multiple endpoints to connect using the
same session identifier. This implementation results in predictable
session identifiers and enables session hijacking or shadowing, where
the most recent connection displaces the legitimate charging station and
receives backend commands intended for that station. This vulnerability
may allow unauthorized users to authenticate as other users or enable a
malicious actor to cause a denial-of-service condition by overwhelming
the backend with valid session requests.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
supplying a crafted firmware update file via the firmware update route.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
injecting malicious input into requests sent to the restore route.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
injecting malicious input into the devices field when accessing the get
setup route, leading to remote code execution.
A vulnerability exists in Copeland XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, in
which an unexpected return value from the authentication routine is
later on processed as a legitimate value, resulting in an authentication
bypass.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
injecting malicious input into OpenSSL argument fields within requests
sent to the utility route, leading to remote code execution.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
injecting malicious input into the devices field of the firmware update
apply action.
An OS command injection vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1
and prior, enabling an unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote code
execution on the system by sending a crafted request to the libraries
installation route and injecting malicious input into the request body.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
injecting malicious input into requests sent to the firmware update
route.
The WebSocket Application Programming Interface lacks restrictions on
the number of authentication requests. This absence of rate limiting may
allow an attacker to conduct denial-of-service attacks by suppressing
or mis-routing legitimate charger telemetry, or conduct brute-force
attacks to gain unauthorized access.
An authentication bypass vulnerability exists in Copeland XWEB Pro
version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling any attackers to bypass the
authentication requirement and achieve pre-authenticated code execution
on the system.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
injecting malicious input into the request body sent to the contacts
import route.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
injecting malicious input into the devices field of the firmware update
update action to achieve remote code execution.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
injecting malicious input into the map filename field during the map
upload action of the parameters route.
An OS command injection
vulnerability exists in XWEB Pro version 1.12.1 and prior, enabling an
authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution on the system by
injecting malicious input into requests sent to the templates route.
Net::CIDR versions before 0.24 for Perl mishandle leading zeros in IP CIDR addresses, which may have unspecified impact.
The functions `addr2cidr` and `cidrlookup` may return leading zeros in a CIDR string, which may in turn be parsed as octal numbers by subsequent users. In some cases an attacker may be able to leverage this to bypass access controls based on IP addresses.
The documentation advises validating untrusted CIDR strings with the `cidrvalidate` function. However, this mitigation is optional and not enforced by default. In practice, users may call `addr2cidr` or `cidrlookup` with untrusted input and without validation, incorrectly assuming that this is safe.
A vulnerability was determined in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3. Affected is the function fromDhcpListClient of the file /goform/DhcpListClient of the component httpd. This manipulation of the argument page causes buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.
A vulnerability was found in Tenda F453 1.0.0.3. This impacts the function fromP2pListFilter of the file /goform/P2pListFilterof of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument page results in buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used.
A vulnerability has been found in psi-probe PSI Probe up to 5.3.0. This affects the function lookup of the file psi-probe-core/src/main/java/psiprobe/tools/Whois.java of the component Whois. The manipulation leads to server-side request forgery. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
A flaw has been found in psi-probe PSI Probe up to 5.3.0. The impacted element is the function handleRequestInternal of the file psi-probe-core/src/main/java/psiprobe/controllers/sessions/ExpireSessionsController.java of the component Session Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to denial of service. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Crypt::SysRandom::XS versions before 0.010 for Perl is vulnerable to a heap buffer overflow in the XS function random_bytes().
The function does not validate that the length parameter is non-negative. If a negative value (e.g. -1) is supplied, the expression length + 1u causes an integer wraparound, resulting in a zero-byte allocation. The subsequent call to chosen random function (e.g. getrandom) passes the original negative value, which is implicitly converted to a large unsigned value (typically SIZE_MAX). This can result in writes beyond the allocated buffer, leading to heap memory corruption and application crash (denial of service).
In common usage, the length argument is typically hardcoded by the caller, which reduces the likelihood of attacker-controlled exploitation. Applications that pass untrusted input to this parameter may be affected.
WebSocket endpoints lack proper authentication mechanisms, enabling
attackers to perform unauthorized station impersonation and manipulate
data sent to the backend. An unauthenticated attacker can connect to the
OCPP WebSocket endpoint using a known or discovered charging station
identifier, then issue or receive OCPP commands as a legitimate charger.
Given that no authentication is required, this can lead to privilege
escalation, unauthorized control of charging infrastructure, and
corruption of charging network data reported to the backend.